Wednesday, December 21, 2011

The First Theater Designed Solely for Film Opened in Pittsburgh

By Hannah Monte


When it is initially produced, a feature film is typically shown to audiences in a production theater or cinema. The first theater designed exclusively for cinema opened in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1905. Thousands of such theaters were built or converted from existing facilities inside a few years. In the U. S. , these theaters came to be known as nickelodeons, because admission often cost a nickel (five cents).

Usually one film is the featured display (or feature film). Before the 1970s, there were "double features"; generally a quality "A picture" leased by an independent theater for an one-off sum, and a "B picture" of lower quality leased for a share of the gross invoices. Today, the bulk of the material shown before the feature film consists of previews for impending movies and paid ads (a. K. A trailers or "The Twenty").

Historically, all mass sold feature films were made to be shown in film theaters. The development of television has allowed films to be transmitted to more extensive audiences, often after the film is no longer being shown in theaters. Recording technology has also enabled shoppers to hire or buy copies of films on VHS or DVD (and the older formats of laserdisc, VCD and SelectaVision â€" see also videodisc), and Web downloads might be available and have started to become revenue sources for the film corporations.

Some films are now made specially for these other locations, being released as made-for-TV films or direct-to-video films. The production values on these films are commonly thought to be of lower quality compared to dramatic releases in similar genres, and indeed, some films that are rejected by their own studios upon completion are distributed thru these markets.

The flick theater pays an average of about 50-55% of its ticket sales to the film studio, as film rental charges. The actual percentage starts with a number higher than that, and decreases as the length of a film's showing continues, as a motivation to theaters to keep films in the theater longer. But today's barrage of highly sold movies ensures that most pictures are shown in first-run theaters for a bit less than 8 weeks. There are one or two movies each year that defy this rule, frequently limited-release movies that start in only a few theaters and essentially grow their theater count through good word-of-mouth and reviews. According to a 2000 study by ABN AMRO, about 26% of Hollywood film studios ' worldwide income came from box office ticket sales; 46% came from VHS and DVD sales to customers; and 28% came from TV (broadcast, wire, and pay-per-view).

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